"Food intake was weighed when the body weight of the mice in each group showed significant differences (Day 22 to Day 28), with details shown in the Supporting Information (SI). After 28 days of continuous exposure, all mice were sacrificed and sampled for analysis. All procedures were approved by and performed in accordance with the Ethics Committee of the Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences."

"Hematoxylin-eosin staining (H&E staining) was performed to measure the morphological structure of the liver after HFPO-TA exposure. Oil Red O staining was used to observe lipid accumulation in the mouse liver. Details on H&E and Oil Red O staining are given in the SI (supporting information)."

"All results were statistically analyzed using SPSS for Windows 17.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Differences between groups were determined using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Duncan’s multiple range test. All experimental data were represented as means with standard errors (means ± SE). A p-value of <0.05 between groups was considered statistically significant and presented by different letters. All represented data from in vitro experiments were assessed from at least three independent experiments."

Male BALB/c Mice