OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to systematically assess the importance of left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) calcification on procedural outcomes and device performances with contemporary transcatheter heart valve (THV) systems.

BACKGROUND: LVOT calcification has been associated with adverse clinical outcomes after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). However, the available evidence is limited to observational data with modest numbers and incomplete assessment of the effect of the different THV systems.

METHODS: In a retrospective analysis of a prospective single-center registry, LVOT calcification was assessed in a semiquantitative fashion. Moderate or severe LVOT calcification was documented in the presence of 2 nodules of calcification, or 1 extending >5 mm in any direction, or covering >10 % of the perimeter of the LVOT.

RESULTS: Among 1,635 patients undergoing TAVR between 2007 and 2018, moderate or severe LVOT calcification was found in 407 (24.9%). Patients with moderate or severe LVOT calcification had significantly higher incidences of annular rupture (2.3% vs. 0.2%; p < 0.001), bailout valve-in-valve implantation (2.9% vs. 0.8%; p = 0.004), and residual aortic regurgitation (11.1% vs. 6.3%; p = 0.002). Balloon-expandable valves conferred a higher risk of annular rupture in the presence of moderate or severe LVOT calcification (4.0% vs. 0.4%; p = 0.002) as compared with the other valve designs. There was no significant interaction of valve design or generation and LVOT calcification with regard to the occurrence of bailout valve-in-valve implantation and residual aortic regurgitation.

CONCLUSIONS: Moderate or severe LVOT calcification confers increased risks of annular rupture, residual aortic regurgitation, and implantation of a second valve. The risk of residual aortic regurgitation is consistent across valve designs and generations. (SWISS TAVI Registry; NCT01368250).

[Untagged]
━ Included
━ ━ Human
━ ━ ━ Pregnant women
━ ━ ━ ━ Case-control
━ ━ ━ ━ Cohort
━ ━ ━ ━ Controlled trial
━ ━ ━ ━ Cross-sectional
━ ━ ━ Infants
━ ━ ━ ━ Case-control
━ ━ ━ ━ Cohort
━ ━ ━ ━ Controlled trial
━ ━ ━ ━ Cross-sectional
━ ━ ━ Children
━ ━ ━ ━ Case-control
━ ━ ━ ━ Cohort
━ ━ ━ ━ Controlled trial
━ ━ ━ ━ Cross-sectional
━ ━ ━ General population
━ ━ ━ ━ Case-control
━ ━ ━ ━ Cohort
━ ━ ━ ━ Controlled trial
━ ━ ━ ━ Cross-sectional
━ ━ ━ Occupational
━ ━ ━ ━ Case-control
━ ━ ━ ━ Cohort
━ ━ ━ ━ Controlled trial
━ ━ ━ ━ Cross-sectional
━ ━ Animal
━ ━ ━ Acute
━ ━ ━ Short-term
━ ━ ━ Subchronic
━ ━ ━ Chronic
━ ━ ━ Developmental
━ ━ ━ Peripubertal
━ ━ ━ Multigenerational
━ ━ ━ Not Specified
━ Excluded
━ ━ Manually excluded in SWIFT-Review
━ ━ Manually excluded in SWIFT-Active Screener
━ ━ Automatically excluded via ML in SWIFT-Active Screener
━ ━ Manually excluded in Distiller (TIAB)
━ ━ Manually excluded in Distiller (full-text)
━ ━ ━ Not relevant to PECO
━ ━ ━ No data provided
━ ━ ━ Unable to obtain full-text
━ Supplemental
━ ━ Mechanistic (in vitro/ex vivo/in silico)
━ ━ ADME
━ ━ PK/PBPK
━ ━ Non-mammalian model
━ ━ Transgenic mammalian model
━ ━ Animal disease model
━ ━ Non-oral or non-inhalation route
━ ━ ━ Exposure duration
━ ━ ━ ━ Acute
━ ━ ━ ━ Short-term
━ ━ ━ ━ Subchronic
━ ━ ━ ━ Chronic
━ ━ ━ ━ Developmental
━ ━ ━ ━ Peripubertal
━ ━ ━ ━ Multigenerational
━ ━ ━ ━ Other/unclear
━ ━ ━ Route of exposure
━ ━ ━ ━ Dermal
━ ━ ━ ━ Injection
━ ━ ━ ━ Intravenous
━ ━ ━ ━ Other/unclear
━ ━ Exposure only
━ ━ Mixture
━ ━ Case reports/series (n<=3)
━ ━ No original data
━ ━ Conference abstract
━ ━ ECHA read-across
━ ━ Presumed duplicate
━ ━ Foreign language
━ Chemical
━ ━ Not Specified in Title/Abstract
━ ━ (1H,1H-Perfluoroethyl)(2H-perfluoroethyl)ether
━ ━ (E)-Perfluoro(4-methyl-2-pentene)
━ ━ 1-(Perfluorohexyl)ethane
━ ━ 1-(Perfluorohexyl)octane
━ ━ 1,6-Diiodoperfluorohexane
━ ━ 1,6-Divinylperfluorohexane
━ ━ 1,8-Diiodoperfluorooctane
━ ━ 11-chloroeicoafluoro-3-oxaundecane-1-sulfonate
━ ━ 11-H-Perfluoroundecanoic acid
━ ━ 1H,1H,5H-Perfluoropentyl methacrylate
━ ━ 1H-Perfluorohexane
━ ━ 2-(N-Ethyl-perfluorooctanesulfonamido)acetate
━ ━ 2-(N-Ethylperfluorooctanesulfonamido)acetic acid
━ ━ 2-(N-Methylperfluorooctanesulfonamido)acetate
━ ━ 2-(N-Methylperfluorooctanesulfonamido)acetic acid
━ ━ 2-(Perfluorohexyl)ethanethiol
━ ━ 2,2,2-Trifluoroethyl triflate
━ ━ 2,2,3,3,4,4,5-Heptafluorotetrahydro-5-(nonafluorobutyl)furan
━ ━ 2,3-Dichlorooctafluorobutane
━ ━ 2:1 Fluorotelomer alcohol
━ ━ 2H,3H-Decafluoropentane
━ ━ 2H-Perfluoro-2-decenoic acid
━ ━ 2H-Perfluoro-2-octenoic acid
━ ━ 2H-Perfluoro-2-propanol
━ ━ 2-Methoxy-2H-perfluoropropane
━ ━ 2-Perfluorodecyl ethanoic acid
━ ━ 2-Perfluorooctyl ethanoic acid
━ ━ 2-Perfluorohexyl ethanoic acid
━ ━ 2-Vinyl(1-bromoperfluoroethane)
━ ━ 3-(Perfluoroethyl)propanol
━ ━ 3-(Perfluorohexyl)propanol
━ ━ 3-Ethoxyperfluoro(2-methylhexane)
━ ━ 4,8-Dioxa-3H-perfluorononanoic acid
━ ━ 6:2 Fluorotelomer phosphate diester
━ ━ 6:2 Fluorotelomer phosphate monoester
━ ━ 6:2 Fluorotelomer thioether amido sulfonate
━ ━ 6:2 Fluorotelomer thioether amido sulfonic acid
━ ━ 6:2/8:2 Fluorotelomer phosphate diester
━ ━ 7:1 Fluorotelomer alcohol
━ ━ 7-H-Perfluoroheptanoate
━ ━ 8:2 Fluorotelomer phosphate diester
━ ━ 8:2 Fluorotelomer phosphate monoester
━ ━ 8:2 Fluorotelomer thioether amido sulfonate
━ ━ 8:2 Fluorotelomer thioether amido sulfonic acid
━ ━ 9:1 Fluorotelomer alcohol
━ ━ 9-chlorohexadecafluoro-3-oxanonane-1-sulfonic acid
━ ━ Ammonium 4,8-dioxa-3H-perfluorononanoate
━ ━ Dichloromethyl((perfluorohexyl)ethyl)silane
━ ━ Heptafluoro-2-iodopropane
━ ━ Heptafluoropropyl iodide
━ ━ Hexaflumuron
━ ━ Perfluoro-1,2-dimethylcyclobutane
━ ━ Perfluoro-1,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane
━ ━ Perfluoro-1,4-diiodobutane
━ ━ Perfluoro-2-methyl-3-pentanone
━ ━ Perfluoro-4-(perfluoroethyl)cyclohexylsulfonate
━ ━ Perfluorobutyl methyl ether
━ ━ Perfluorodecanesulfonate
━ ━ Perfluorodecanesulfonic acid
━ ━ Perfluorododecanoic acid
━ ━ Perfluorooctanesulfonamido ethanol
━ ━ Perfluoroisohexane
━ ━ Perfluoromethylcyclohexane
━ ━ Perfluoromethyldecalin
━ ━ Perfluorononanesulfonate
━ ━ Perfluorononanesulfonic acid
━ ━ Perfluorooctane
━ ━ Perfluoropentanesulfonate
━ ━ Perfluoropropanoate
━ ━ Perfluorosebacic acid
━ ━ Perfluoropentanesulfonic acid
━ ━ Sodium bis[2-(perfluorohexyl)ethyl] phosphate
━ ━ Trifluoroacetate
━ ━ Trifluoroacetic anhydride
━ ━ Trimethoxy((perfluorohexyl)ethyl)silane
━ Inclusion
━ ━ Human Study
━ ━ Animal Study
━ ━ Mechanistic Study
━ PFAS 430
━ ━ Included
━ ━ ━ Human
━ ━ ━ ━ Pregnant women
━ ━ ━ ━ ━ Case-control
━ ━ ━ ━ ━ Cohort
━ ━ ━ ━ ━ Controlled trial
━ ━ ━ ━ ━ Cross-sectional
━ ━ ━ ━ Infants
━ ━ ━ ━ ━ Case-control
━ ━ ━ ━ ━ Cohort
━ ━ ━ ━ ━ Controlled trial
━ ━ ━ ━ ━ Cross-sectional
━ ━ ━ ━ Children
━ ━ ━ ━ ━ Case-control
━ ━ ━ ━ ━ Cohort
━ ━ ━ ━ ━ Controlled trial
━ ━ ━ ━ ━ Cross-sectional
━ ━ ━ ━ General population
━ ━ ━ ━ ━ Case-control
━ ━ ━ ━ ━ Cohort
━ ━ ━ ━ ━ Controlled trial
━ ━ ━ ━ ━ Cross-sectional
━ ━ ━ ━ Occupational
━ ━ ━ ━ ━ Case-control
━ ━ ━ ━ ━ Cohort
━ ━ ━ ━ ━ Controlled trial
━ ━ ━ ━ ━ Cross-sectional
━ ━ ━ Animal
━ ━ ━ ━ Acute
━ ━ ━ ━ Short-term
━ ━ ━ ━ Subchronic
━ ━ ━ ━ Chronic
━ ━ ━ ━ Developmental
━ ━ ━ ━ Peripubertal
━ ━ ━ ━ Multigenerational
━ ━ ━ ━ Not Specified
━ ━ Excluded
━ ━ ━ Manually excluded in SWIFT-Review
━ ━ ━ Manually excluded in SWIFT-Active Screener
━ ━ ━ Automatically excluded via ML in SWIFT-Active Screener
━ ━ ━ Manually excluded in Distiller (TIAB)
━ ━ ━ Manually excluded in Distiller (full-text)
━ ━ ━ ━ Not relevant to PECO
━ ━ ━ ━ No data provided
━ ━ ━ ━ Unable to obtain full-text
━ ━ Supplemental
━ ━ ━ Mechanistic (in vitro/ex vivo/in silico)
━ ━ ━ ADME
━ ━ ━ PK/PBPK
━ ━ ━ Non-mammalian model
━ ━ ━ Transgenic mammalian model
━ ━ ━ Animal disease model
━ ━ ━ Non-oral or non-inhalation route
━ ━ ━ ━ Exposure duration
━ ━ ━ ━ ━ Acute
━ ━ ━ ━ ━ Short-term
━ ━ ━ ━ ━ Subchronic
━ ━ ━ ━ ━ Chronic
━ ━ ━ ━ ━ Developmental
━ ━ ━ ━ ━ Peripubertal
━ ━ ━ ━ ━ Multigenerational
━ ━ ━ ━ ━ Other/unclear
━ ━ ━ ━ Route of exposure
━ ━ ━ ━ ━ Dermal
━ ━ ━ ━ ━ Injection
━ ━ ━ ━ ━ Intravenous
━ ━ ━ ━ ━ Other/unclear
━ ━ ━ Exposure only
━ ━ ━ Mixture
━ ━ ━ Case reports/series (n<=3)
━ ━ ━ No original data
━ ━ ━ Conference abstract
━ ━ ━ ECHA read-across
━ ━ ━ Presumed duplicate
━ ━ ━ Foreign language
━ Additional PFAS
━ ━ Included
━ ━ ━ Human
━ ━ ━ ━ Pregnant women
━ ━ ━ ━ ━ Case-control
━ ━ ━ ━ ━ Cohort
━ ━ ━ ━ ━ Controlled trial
━ ━ ━ ━ ━ Cross-sectional
━ ━ ━ ━ Infants
━ ━ ━ ━ ━ Case-control
━ ━ ━ ━ ━ Cohort
━ ━ ━ ━ ━ Controlled trial
━ ━ ━ ━ ━ Cross-sectional
━ ━ ━ ━ Children
━ ━ ━ ━ ━ Case-control
━ ━ ━ ━ ━ Cohort
━ ━ ━ ━ ━ Controlled trial
━ ━ ━ ━ ━ Cross-sectional
━ ━ ━ ━ General population
━ ━ ━ ━ ━ Case-control
━ ━ ━ ━ ━ Cohort
━ ━ ━ ━ ━ Controlled trial
━ ━ ━ ━ ━ Cross-sectional
━ ━ ━ ━ Occupational
━ ━ ━ ━ ━ Case-control
━ ━ ━ ━ ━ Cohort
━ ━ ━ ━ ━ Controlled trial
━ ━ ━ ━ ━ Cross-sectional
━ ━ ━ Animal
━ ━ ━ ━ Acute
━ ━ ━ ━ Short-term
━ ━ ━ ━ Subchronic
━ ━ ━ ━ Chronic
━ ━ ━ ━ Developmental
━ ━ ━ ━ Peripubertal
━ ━ ━ ━ Multigenerational
━ ━ ━ ━ Not Specified
━ ━ Excluded
━ ━ ━ Manually excluded in SWIFT-Review
━ ━ ━ Manually excluded in SWIFT-Active Screener
━ ━ ━ Automatically excluded via ML in SWIFT-Active Screener
━ ━ ━ Manually excluded in Distiller (TIAB)
━ ━ ━ Manually excluded in Distiller (full-text)
━ ━ ━ ━ Not relevant to PECO
━ ━ ━ ━ No data provided
━ ━ ━ ━ Unable to obtain full-text
━ ━ Supplemental
━ ━ ━ Mechanistic (in vitro/ex vivo/in silico)
━ ━ ━ ADME
━ ━ ━ PK/PBPK
━ ━ ━ Non-mammalian model
━ ━ ━ Transgenic mammalian model
━ ━ ━ Animal disease model
━ ━ ━ Non-oral or non-inhalation route
━ ━ ━ ━ Exposure duration
━ ━ ━ ━ ━ Acute
━ ━ ━ ━ ━ Short-term
━ ━ ━ ━ ━ Subchronic
━ ━ ━ ━ ━ Chronic
━ ━ ━ ━ ━ Developmental
━ ━ ━ ━ ━ Peripubertal
━ ━ ━ ━ ━ Multigenerational
━ ━ ━ ━ ━ Other/unclear
━ ━ ━ ━ Route of exposure
━ ━ ━ ━ ━ Dermal
━ ━ ━ ━ ━ Injection
━ ━ ━ ━ ━ Intravenous
━ ━ ━ ━ ━ Other/unclear
━ ━ ━ Exposure only
━ ━ ━ Mixture
━ ━ ━ Case reports/series (n<=3)
━ ━ ━ No original data
━ ━ ━ Conference abstract
━ ━ ━ ECHA read-across
━ ━ ━ Presumed duplicate
━ ━ ━ Foreign language

References (13689 found)