Abbreviation: BWT = Birth Weight

a. Studies are sorted first by overall study confidence level then by Exposure Window examined. 

b. {Meng, 2018, 4829851@@author-year} pooled samples from umbilical cord blood and maternal plasma during first and second trimesters. The remaining studies were all based on either one umbilical or maternal sample. 

c. The results displayed here for mean BWT in the POPUP Cohort are from a larger population of participants {Swedish Environmental Protection Agency, 2017, 6937371} compared to a sample size of 381 in their 2018 publication {Gyllenhammar, 2018, 4238300@@author-year}.

d. {Robledo, 2015, 2851197} regression coefficients for maternal serum PFDA are displayed. The complete 95% CI for the male-8.4 gram difference ranges from -434.3 to 417.6 grams.

e. For evaluation of patterns of results, studies that collected biomarker samples concurrently or after birth were considered to be cross-sectional analyses (e.g., {Hall, 2022, 10273293@@author-year}).